Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with an absolute or relative lack of insulin in the body and characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders.Simply put, diabetes is not a disease in the full sense, but rather an incorrect lifestyle and diet.Therefore, diabetes nutrition plays an important role in the patient's well-being.
Foods to include and exclude from the diet for type 2 diabetes
Nutrition for diabetes should be correct and include foods with a low glycemic index (10 to 40):
- vegetables: tomatoes, eggplants, cabbages, cucumbers, zucchini, green beans and other green vegetables;
- eggs;
- mushrooms and various nuts;
- fruits and berries: cherries, blueberries, lingonberries, plums, pears, apples, currants, strawberries, strawberries and their juices;
- citrus fruits: lemon, orange, tangerine and grapefruit;
- products made from cereals and bran: barley bread, rice bran, rolled oats, buckwheat, spaghetti and pasta with hard flour;
- dietary meat: poultry, rabbit, turkey, beef;
- low-fat fish and fish products;
- dark chocolate;
- cold pressed linseed oil;
- mineral water.
Limitconsumption of foods with a medium glycemic index (40 to 70)
- dairy products: kefir, milk, yogurt;
- low-fat or low-fat;
- vegetables: beets (boiled and stewed), carrots, legumes;
- whole wheat bread, rye bread, black bread, yeast bread;
- fresh and canned pineapple;
- apple and grape juices, without sugar;
- instant oatmeal;
- jam;
- raisins, melon, kiwi;
- industrial mayonnaise;
- canned corn;
- pancakes made from wheat flour;
- brown rice
excludefrom the diet foods with a high glycemic index (70 to 100)
- watermelon;
- wheat cereals and breads;
- cornflakes;
- fried and baked potatoes;
- caramel and honey, jams, sweets, sugar;
- white bread;
- alcohol and sweet carbonated and non-carbonated drinks;
- coffee, tea, replacing them with chicory, green tea and cranberry leaf tea;
- sweet fruits: grapes, bananas;
- semolina;
- Processed meat products: sausages, sausages, small sausages, chicken, smoked meats.
In addition to taking medications prescribed by a doctor, it is necessary to use medicinal plants: chicory, cranberry leaves, dandelion root, mantle, bean leaves and a collection of sugar-reducing herbs.
Additionally, diabetics are advised to lead an active lifestyle, moving more, including walking up to 2 km a day, climbing stairs and doing physical work, unless, of course, they have had a heart attack or stroke.Adjust your sleep schedule, sleep at least 7 hours a day and go to bed before 1 in the morning.
Basic steps and diet rules for type 2 diabetes.
It is no secret that diabetes mellitus mainly affects overweight and obese people.
First step of the diet.-2 weeks, getting rid of extra kilos.During this period, eat only foods with a low glycemic index.
If there is a high level of sugar in the blood, it is recommended to eat strictly 3 times a day, without snacks, so the insulin will have time to be used.Instead of snacking, drink water or eat fruit.
Portions should be small, as nutritionists say, one serving should fit in the palm of your hand.
Second step of the diet– 15 days, consolidation of results.During this period we consume foods with a low and medium glycemic index.We limit our intake of sugar, honey, baked goods, potatoes, bananas, white rice and corn.
The third step of the diet.– for the rest of my life, staying fit and following the rules.The menu should be with low and medium glycemic levels.
From my own experience I have been diabetic for 11 years, I know that 70% of good health depends on what you ate for breakfast, lunch and dinner, and 20% on activity during the day and only 10% on medications.
Foods for diabetes mellitus for BREAKFAST list of dishes
For breakfast you can prepare the following dishes:
- Oatmeal: made with natural cereals and skimmed milk, with the addition of a small amount of berries, raisins and dried apricots.
- Muesli or bran: with skimmed milk or yogurt.
- Buckwheat porridge with milk or boiled: tongue, rabbit, meat;or meatball, meat soufflé.
- Freshly made toast with a slice of cheese on whole wheat bread.
- Low-fat or low-fat cottage cheese, with sour cream, yogurt or low-fat kefir.
- Cheesecakes with sour cream.
- Cabbage or potato cutlets with sour cream.
- Natural herbal green tea.Milk tea.
- Fruits: pears, apples, oranges, grapefruits.
- Boiled eggs with homemade mayonnaise.
- Squid omelet.
- Baked cabbage casserole.
- Zucchini Casserole.
- Meat pudding.
Diabetes foods for LUNCH list of dishes
A normal lunch consists of salads, first and second courses, desserts and drinks.For lunch the following dishes are offered:
Salads:
The basis of salads can be lettuce, fresh cabbage, incl.and Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, fresh vegetables (radish, radish, cucumber, tomato), celery, broccoli, mushrooms, cheeses and fruits.
First courses:
- Soups:
- vegetable vegetarian;
- pearl barley and buckwheat with mushrooms;
- rice with egg;
- with cauliflower;
- with peas, with beans;
- pickle;
- fish with celery;
- vegetables with chicken;
- Lenten borscht with sour cream.
Second courses:
- Boiled meat or stew with stewed cabbage.
- Beef stroganoff with mashed potatoes.
- Goulash with boiled potatoes.
- Boiled chicken with millet porridge.
- Mexican pita with feta cheese and mushrooms.
- Sandwiches to your liking, based on whole wheat bread.
Dessert:
- Sugar-free lemon jelly.
- Carrot cake.
- Curd soufflé.
- Chocolate cake with stevia in the microwave.
- Cheesecake with sugar-free pumpkin and semolina.
- Diet cake.
- Baked apples.
Drinks
- Tomato juice.
- Kefir or kefir with cinnamon.
- Rosehip decoction or tea.
- Milk thistle tea (to lose weight).
- Fruit compote with sweetener.
Diabetes foods for DINNER list of dishes
Dinner dishes could be:
- Cabbage rolls stuffed with vegetables.
- Boiled fish of low-fat varieties.
- Carrot and apple balls with kefir.
- Carrot puree with sour cream.
- Stewed cabbage.
- Vegetable casserole.
1 hour before bedtime
- a glass of kefir;
The above list of dishes is a recommendation;you must develop your own menu and focus on your well-being.